2018-2019-1 20165336 实验三 实时系统
任务一：
- 学习使用Linux命令wc(1)
查资料得到wc命令参数的意义 -c 统计字节数。-l 统计行数。-m 统计字符数。这个标志不能与 -c 标志一起使用。-w 统计字数。一个字被定义为由空白、跳格或换行字符分隔的字符串。-L 打印最长行的长度。--help 显示帮助信息。--version 显示版本信息。
-
基于Linux Socket程序设计实现wc（1）服务器(端口号是你学号的后6位)和客户端
客户端传一个文本文件给服务器
服务器返加文本文件中的单词数
-
客户端
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define SERVER_PORT 165336
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
#define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512
int main()
{
// 声明并初始化一个客户端的socket地址结构
struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
bzero(&client_addr, sizeof(client_addr));
client_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
client_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);
client_addr.sin_port = htons(0);
// 创建socket，若成功，返回socket描述符
int client_socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(client_socket_fd < 0)
{
perror("Create Socket Failed:");
exit(1);
}
// 绑定客户端的socket和客户端的socket地址结构 非必需
if(-1 == (bind(client_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, sizeof(client_addr))))
{
perror("Client Bind Failed:");
exit(1);
}
// 声明一个服务器端的socket地址结构，并用服务器那边的IP地址及端口对其进行初始化，用于后面的连接
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
if(inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &server_addr.sin_addr) == 0)
{
perror("Server IP Address Error:");
exit(1);
}
server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
socklen_t server_addr_length = sizeof(server_addr);
// 向服务器发起连接，连接成功后client_socket_fd代表了客户端和服务器的一个socket连接
if(connect(client_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, server_addr_length) < 0)
{
perror("Can Not Connect To Server IP:");
exit(0);
}
// 输入文件名 并放到缓冲区buffer中等待发送
char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1];
bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1);
printf("请输入要发送的文件名: ");
scanf("%s", file_name);
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
strncpy(buffer, file_name, strlen(file_name)>BUFFER_SIZE?BUFFER_SIZE:strlen(file_name));
// 向服务器发送buffer中的数据
if(send(client_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0) < 0)
{
perror("Send File Name Failed:");
exit(1);
}
//int count=0;
int length=0;
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
length = recv(client_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0);
buffer[length] = ' ';
printf("服务器返回文本文件中单词数为%s
", buffer);
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
/* / 打开文件，准备写入
/ FILE *fp = fopen(file_name, "w");
if(NULL == fp)
{
printf("File: %s Can Not Open To Write
", file_name);
exit(1);
}
/ 从服务器接收数据到buffer中
/ 每接收一段数据，便将其写入文件中，循环直到文件接收完并写完为止
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
int length = 0;
while((length = recv(client_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0)) > 0)
{
if(fwrite(buffer, sizeof(char), length, fp) < length)
{
printf("File: %s Write Failed
", file_name);
break;
}
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
}
/ 接收成功后，关闭文件，关闭socket
printf("Receive File: %s From Server IP Successful!
", file_name);
fclose(fp);
*/
close(client_socket_fd);
return 0;
}
- 服务器
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#define SERVER_PORT 165336
#define LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE 20
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
#define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512
int CountWordsOfEuropeanTxtFile(char *szFileName);
int CountWordsInOneLine(const char *szLine);
int main(void)
{
// 声明并初始化一个服务器端的socket地址结构
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);
server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
// 创建socket，若成功，返回socket描述符
int server_socket_fd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(server_socket_fd < 0)
{
perror("Create Socket Failed:");
exit(1);
}
int opt = 1;
setsockopt(server_socket_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));
// 绑定socket和socket地址结构
if(-1 == (bind(server_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr))))
{
perror("Server Bind Failed:");
exit(1);
}
// socket监听
if(-1 == (listen(server_socket_fd, LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE)))
{
perror("Server Listen Failed:");
exit(1);
}
while(1)
{
// 定义客户端的socket地址结构
struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
socklen_t client_addr_length = sizeof(client_addr);
// 接受连接请求，返回一个新的socket(描述符)，这个新socket用于同连接的客户端通信
// accept函数会把连接到的客户端信息写到client_addr中
int new_server_socket_fd = accept(server_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &client_addr_length);
if(new_server_socket_fd < 0)
{
perror("Server Accept Failed:");
break;
}
// recv函数接收数据到缓冲区buffer中
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
if(recv(new_server_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0) < 0)
{
perror("Server Recieve Data Failed:");
break;
}
// 然后从buffer(缓冲区)拷贝到file_name中
char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1];
bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1);
strncpy(file_name, buffer, strlen(buffer)>FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE?FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE:strlen(buffer));
printf("20165336服务器收到的文件为:%s
", file_name);
int count=0;
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
count = CountWordsOfEuropeanTxtFile(file_name);
sprintf(buffer,"%d", count);
if(send(new_server_socket_fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0) < 0)
{
printf("Send File:%s Failed./n", file_name);
}
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
/*/ 打开文件并读取文件数据
FILE *fp = fopen(file_name, "r");
if(NULL == fp)
{
printf("File:%s Not Found
", file_name);
}
else
{
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
int length = 0;
/ 每读取一段数据，便将其发送给客户端，循环直到文件读完为止
while((length = fread(buffer, sizeof(char), BUFFER_SIZE, fp)) > 0)
{
if(send(new_server_socket_fd, buffer, length, 0) < 0)
{
printf("Send File:%s Failed./n", file_name);
break;
}
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
}
/ 关闭文件
fclose(fp);
printf("File:%s Transfer Successful!
", file_name);
}*/
// 关闭与客户端的连接
close(new_server_socket_fd);
}
// 关闭监听用的socket
close(server_socket_fd);
return 0;
}
int CountWordsOfEuropeanTxtFile(char *szFileName)
{
int nWords = 0;//词计数变量，初始值为0
FILE *fp; //文件指针
char carrBuffer[1024];//每行字符缓冲，每行最多1024个字符
//打开文件
if ((fp = fopen(szFileName, "r")) == NULL)
{
return -1; //文件打开不成功是返回-1
}
while (!feof(fp))//如果没有读到文件末尾
{
//从文件中读一行
if (fgets(carrBuffer, sizeof(carrBuffer),fp) != NULL)
//统计每行词数
nWords += CountWordsInOneLine(carrBuffer);
}
//关闭文件
fclose(fp);
return nWords;
}
int CountWordsInOneLine(const char *szLine)
{
int nWords = 0;
int i=0;
for (;i<strlen(szLine);i++)
{
if (*(szLine+i)!=' ')
{
nWords++;
while ((*(szLine+i)!=' ')&&(*(szLine+i)!=' '))
{
i++;
}
}
}
//printf("%d ",nWords);
return nWords;
}
任务二
-
使用多线程实现wc服务器并使用同步互斥机制保证计数正确
-
服务器
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<pthread.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#define SOCK_PORT 9988
#define BUFFER_LENGTH 1024
#define MAX_CONN_LIMIT 512 //MAX connection limit
static void Data_handle(void * sock_fd); //Only can be seen in the file
int CountWordsOfEuropeanTxtFile(char *szFileName);
int CountWordsInOneLine(const char *szLine);
int main()
{
int sockfd_server;
int sockfd;
int fd_temp;
struct sockaddr_in s_addr_in;
struct sockaddr_in s_addr_client;
int client_length;
sockfd_server = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0); //ipv4,TCP
assert(sockfd_server != -1);
//before bind(), set the attr of structure sockaddr.
memset(&s_addr_in,0,sizeof(s_addr_in));
s_addr_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
s_addr_in.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); //trans addr from uint32_t host byte order to network byte order.
s_addr_in.sin_port = htons(SOCK_PORT); //trans port from uint16_t host byte order to network byte order.
fd_temp = bind(sockfd_server,(const struct sockaddr *)(&s_addr_in),sizeof(s_addr_in));
if(fd_temp == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"bind error!
");
exit(1);
}
fd_temp = listen(sockfd_server,MAX_CONN_LIMIT);
if(fd_temp == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"listen error!
");
exit(1);
}
while(1)
{
printf("等待连接...
");
pthread_t thread_id;
client_length = sizeof(s_addr_client);
//Block here. Until server accpets a new connection.
sockfd = accept(sockfd_server,(struct sockaddr * restrict)(&s_addr_client),(socklen_t *)(&client_length));
if(sockfd == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Accept error!
");
continue; //ignore current socket ,continue while loop.
}
printf("连接成功!
");
if(pthread_create(&thread_id,NULL,(void *)(&Data_handle),(void *)(&sockfd)) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"pthread_create error!
");
break; //break while loop
}
}
//Clear
int ret = shutdown(sockfd_server,SHUT_WR); //shut down the all or part of a full-duplex connection.
assert(ret != -1);
printf("Server shuts down
");
return 0;
}
static void Data_handle(void * sock_fd)
{
int fd = *((int *)sock_fd);
int i_recvBytes;
char data_recv[BUFFER_LENGTH];
const char * data_send = "服务器已发送!
";
while(1)
{
printf("waiting for file_name...
");
//Reset data.
memset(data_recv,0,BUFFER_LENGTH);
i_recvBytes = read(fd,data_recv,BUFFER_LENGTH);
if(i_recvBytes == 0)
{
printf("Maybe the client has closed
");
break;
}
if(i_recvBytes == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"read error!
");
break;
}
if(strcmp(data_recv,"quit")==0)
{
printf("Quit command!
");
break; //Break the while loop.
}
printf("read from client : %s
",data_recv);
char buffer[BUFFER_LENGTH];
int count=0;
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH);
count = CountWordsOfEuropeanTxtFile(data_recv);
sprintf(buffer,"%d", count);
send(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
if(write(fd,data_send,strlen(data_send)) == -1)
{
break;
}
}
//Clear
printf("terminating current client_connection...
");
close(fd); //close a file descriptor.
pthread_exit(NULL); //terminate calling thread!
}
int CountWordsOfEuropeanTxtFile(char *szFileName)
{
int nWords = 0;//词计数变量，初始值为0
FILE *fp; //文件指针
char carrBuffer[1024];//每行字符缓冲，每行最多1024个字符
//打开文件
if ((fp = fopen(szFileName, "r")) == NULL)
{
return -1; //文件打开不成功是返回-1
}
while (!feof(fp))//如果没有读到文件末尾
{
//从文件中读一行
if (fgets(carrBuffer, sizeof(carrBuffer),fp) != NULL)
//统计每行词数
nWords += CountWordsInOneLine(carrBuffer);
}
//关闭文件
fclose(fp);
return nWords;
}
int CountWordsInOneLine(const char *szLine)
{
int nWords = 0;
int i=0;
for (;i<strlen(szLine);i++)
{
if (*(szLine+i)!=' ')
{
nWords++;
while ((*(szLine+i)!=' ')&&(*(szLine+i)!=' '))
{
i++;
}
}
}
//printf("%d ",nWords);
return nWords;
}
- 客户端
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#define SOCK_PORT 9988
#define BUFFER_LENGTH 1024
int main()
{
int sockfd;
int tempfd;
struct sockaddr_in s_addr_in;
char data_send[BUFFER_LENGTH];
char data_recv[BUFFER_LENGTH];
memset(data_send,0,BUFFER_LENGTH);
memset(data_recv,0,BUFFER_LENGTH);
sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0); //ipv4,TCP
if(sockfd == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"socket error!
");
exit(1);
}
//before func connect, set the attr of structure sockaddr.
memset(&s_addr_in,0,sizeof(s_addr_in));
s_addr_in.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); //trans char * to in_addr_t
s_addr_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
s_addr_in.sin_port = htons(SOCK_PORT);
tempfd = connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&s_addr_in),sizeof(s_addr_in));
if(tempfd == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Connect error!
");
exit(1);
}
while(1)
{
printf("请输入传送至服务器的文件(输入 "quit" 退出): ");
scanf("%s", data_send);
//gets(data_send);
//scanf("%[^
]",data_send); //or you can also use this
tempfd = write(sockfd,data_send,BUFFER_LENGTH);
if(tempfd == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"write error
");
exit(0);
}
if(strcmp(data_send,"quit") == 0) //quit,write the quit request and shutdown client
{
break;
}
else
{
tempfd = read(sockfd,data_recv,BUFFER_LENGTH);
assert(tempfd != -1);
printf("%s
",data_recv);
memset(data_send,0,BUFFER_LENGTH);
memset(data_recv,0,BUFFER_LENGTH);
}
char buffer[BUFFER_LENGTH];
int length=0;
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH);
length = recv(sockfd, buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH, 0);
buffer[length] = ' ';
printf("文本文件单词数 %s
", buffer);
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH);
}
int ret = shutdown(sockfd,SHUT_WR); //or you can use func close()--<unistd.h> to close the fd
assert(ret != -1);
return 0;
}
- 对比单线程版本的性能，并分析原因
我认为单线程的版本性能时间花费比较长，需要一个接一个完成任务，处理效率不高，多线程技术可同时处理多个任务，会使程序的响应速度更快一点，提高效率。但是也依旧有缺点，例如使用共享资源时造成程序的运行速度变慢。
实验中遇到的问题及解决方法
- 问题：在编译Sever2.c这个文件时，显示对‘pthread_create’未定义的引用。
解决办法：在编译的结尾添加-lpthread表明需要链接线程库，以便能调用头文件pthread.h中的函数。
实验感想
这次实验让我熟悉了WC命令的用法，更加进一步熟悉了用man -k 命令来学习指令的优越性，刚好JAVA WEB课程里刚好学到了socket编程，这让我在这次试验里有了经验，实验中的单线程与多线程知识点让我在看过书本后有了应用，这次实验巩固了我的知识，让我受益匪浅。